EV/
Forward
Synergized
EBITDA
9/2013
7/2013
6/2013
6/2013
10/2012
3/2011
11/2008
6/2008
9/2007
7/2007
6/2007
5/2007
1/2005
12/2004
2/2004
Maximum
Median
Average
Minimum
While none of the selected transactions or companies that participated in the selected transactions are directly comparable to the merger transactions or Sprint, the selected transactions are all of the transactions since February 2004 that, in Goldman Sachs’ professional judgment, involved target companies with operations that, for the purposes of analysis, may be considered similar to certain of Sprint’s results, market size and services profile.
Based on the results of the foregoing calculations and Goldman Sachs’ analyses of the various transactions and its professional judgment, Goldman Sachs applied a reference range of enterprise value to forward core
EBITDA multiples of 6.1x (reflecting the minimum enterprise value to forward core EBITDA multiple referenced above) to 8.4x (reflecting the median enterprise value to forward core EBITDA multiple referenced above) to the estimate of Sprint’s 2018 core EBITDA reflected in the T-Mobile forecasts, to derive a range of implied enterprise values for Sprint. Goldman Sachs subtracted from the range of implied enterprise values Sprint’s net debt as of March 31, 2018 as provided by Sprint management and added the illustrative net present value of approximately $4.2 billion calculated by Goldman Sachs as of March 31, 2018 (derived using a discount rate of 9.0% at the direction of T-Mobile management) of Sprint’s net operating losses and tax asset utilization, as provided by T-Mobile management, to derive a range of illustrative equity values for Sprint. Goldman Sachs divided the results by the total number of fully diluted shares of Sprint common stock outstanding as of April 25, 2018, calculated using information provided by Sprint management, to derive a range of implied values per share of Sprint common stock of $4.17 to $8.26.
Premia Paid Analysis
Based on publicly available information, Goldman Sachs analyzed the premia paid in pending or completed U.S. transactions since 2000 in which the target company had an equity value based on the transaction consideration that was greater than $10 billion, including pending transactions but excluding acquisitions of financial institutions and real estate investment trusts, related party transactions and mergers of equals (defined as transactions announced as mergers of equals or where stockholders of the target company would own 40% or greater of the pro forma entity). Goldman Sachs performed such analysis for all such transactions and separately for such transactions that were all-stock transactions. With respect to each of these transactions, Goldman Sachs reviewed the implied median premium of the price paid in the transaction to the closing stock price of the target company on the following days:
| • | one day prior to the day on which the pendency of the transaction became publicly known due to a leak or an announcement of the transaction (which we refer to in this section entitled “—Opinion of Goldman Sachs” as the “disturbed date”); |
| • | five trading days prior to the disturbed date; |
| • | 30 trading days prior to the disturbed date; and |
| • | 90 trading days prior to the disturbed date. |
With respect to the merger transactions, Goldman calculated implied premia based on an implied price per Sprint share of $6.13, calculated by multiplying the exchange ratio by $59.74, the closing price for the shares of T-Mobile common stock on April 9, 2018, the last completed trading day before The Wall Street Journal reported on April 10, 2018 that T-Mobile and Sprint had recommenced negotiations regarding a possible business combination transaction, compared to the closing share price for the Sprint common stock on each of one, five, 30 and 90 trading days prior to April 9, 2018. The following table presents the results of this review:
| Greater than $10 billion Equity Value Deals |
||||||||||||
| Trading Days Before Disturbed Date |
Implied Sprint Premium at $6.13 (Exchange Ratio Multiplied by T-Mobile Undisturbed Share Price) |
All Transactions |
All Stock Transactions |
|||||||||
| One day |
19.2 | % | 29.6 | % | 22.0 | % | ||||||
| Five days |
23.5 | % | 30.3 | % | 25.3 | % | ||||||
| 30 days |
14.5 | % | 34.1 | % | 24.3 | % | ||||||
| 90 days |
0.9 | % | 37.6 | % | 28.0 | % | ||||||
Although none of the selected transactions is directly comparable to the merger transactions, the target companies in the selected transactions were companies with operations, geography and size, and other factors that, for the purposes of analysis, may be considered similar to Sprint, and as such, for purposes of analysis, the selected transactions may be considered similar to the merger transactions.
Based on its review of the implied premia for the selected transactions and its professional judgment and experience, Goldman Sachs applied a range of illustrative premia of 22.0% to 29.6%, representing the median premium to the price one trading day prior to the disturbed date of the all-stock selected transactions and the median premium to the price one trading day prior to the disturbed date of all the selected transactions, respectively, to the Sprint undisturbed share price, to derive a range of implied values per share of Sprint common stock of $6.27 to $6.66.
Illustrative Transaction Impact to T-Mobile
Illustrative Discounted Cash Flow Analysis.
Using the forecasts, Goldman Sachs performed an illustrative discounted cash flow analysis on T-Mobile on a standalone basis and on the combined company to derive a range of illustrative present values per share of T-Mobile common stock on a standalone basis and per share of T-Mobile common stock giving effect to the completion of the merger transactions.
T-Mobile. Using discount rates ranging from 7.5% to 8.5%, reflecting estimates of T-Mobile’s weighted average cost of capital on a standalone basis, Goldman Sachs derived a range of implied enterprise values for T-Mobile on a standalone basis by discounting to present value, as of March 31, 2018, (1) estimates of the unlevered free cash flow to be generated by T-Mobile on a standalone basis for the period from March 31, 2018 to December 31, 2026 derived from the T-Mobile forecasts and (2) a range of illustrative terminal values for T-Mobile on a standalone basis as of December 31, 2026, calculated by applying illustrative perpetuity growth rates ranging from 1.5% to 2.5% to the estimate of the terminal year unlevered free cash flow of T-Mobile on a standalone basis, derived from the T-Mobile forecasts (which analysis implied multiples of the implied terminal values derived for T-Mobile on a standalone basis to core EBITDA of T-Mobile on a standalone basis for the four quarter period ended December 31, 2026 ranging from 6.3x to 8.8x and multiples of the implied enterprise values derived for T-Mobile on a standalone basis to core EBITDA of T-Mobile on a standalone basis for the four quarter period ended December 31, 2018 ranging from 7.5x to 9.9x). Goldman Sachs derived the range of discount rates by application of the CAPM. The range of perpetuity growth rates was estimated by Goldman Sachs utilizing its professional judgment and experience, taking into account the T-Mobile forecasts and market expectations regarding long-term real growth of gross domestic product and inflation. Goldman Sachs derived a range of illustrative enterprise values for T-Mobile on a standalone basis by adding the ranges of present values it derived as described above. Goldman Sachs then subtracted from the range of illustrative enterprise values T-Mobile’s net debt as of March 31, 2018 as provided by T-Mobile management, and added the illustrative net present value of approximately $1.6 billion calculated by Goldman Sachs as of March 31, 2018 (derived using a discount rate of 8.0% at the direction of T-Mobile management) of net operating losses and tax asset utilization of T-Mobile on a standalone basis as provided by T-Mobile management, to derive a range of illustrative equity values for T-Mobile on a standalone basis. Goldman Sachs divided the range of illustrative equity values by the total number of fully diluted shares of T-Mobile common stock outstanding as of April 25, 2018, calculated using information provided by T-Mobile management, to derive a range of implied present values per share of T-Mobile common stock on a standalone basis of $55.79 to $85.24.
Combined Company. Using discount rates ranging from 7.5% to 8.5%, reflecting estimates of the combined company’s weighted average cost of capital, Goldman Sachs derived a range of implied enterprise values for the combined company by discounting to present value, as of March 31, 2018, (1) estimates of the unlevered free cash flow to be generated by the combined company for the period from March 31, 2018 to December 31, 2026 derived from the T-Mobile forecasts and (2) a range of illustrative terminal values for the combined company as of December 31, 2026, calculated by applying illustrative perpetuity growth rates ranging from 1.5% to 2.5% to the estimate of the terminal year unlevered free cash flow of the combined company, derived from the T-Mobile forecasts (which analysis implied multiples of the implied terminal values derived for the combined company to core EBITDA of the combined company for the four quarter period ended December 31, 2026 ranging from 7.6x to 10.7x and multiples of the implied enterprise values derived for the combined company to core EBITDA of the
combined company for the four quarter period ended December 31, 2018 ranging from 7.6x to 10.5x). Goldman Sachs derived the range of discount rates by application of the CAPM. The range of perpetuity growth rates was estimated by Goldman Sachs utilizing its professional judgment and experience, taking into account the T-Mobile forecasts and market expectations regarding long-term real growth of gross domestic product and inflation. Goldman Sachs derived a range of illustrative enterprise values for the combined company by adding the ranges of present values it derived as described above. Goldman Sachs then subtracted from the range of illustrative enterprise values the combined company’s net debt as of March 31, 2018 reflected in the T-Mobile forecasts, and added the illustrative net present value of approximately $7.1 billion calculated by Goldman Sachs as of March 31, 2018 (derived using a discount rate of 8.0% at the direction of T-Mobile management) of net operating losses and tax asset utilization of the combined company as provided by T-Mobile management, to derive a range of illustrative equity values for the combined company. Goldman Sachs divided the range of illustrative equity values by the total number of fully diluted shares of T-Mobile common stock expected to be outstanding as of April 25, 2018 (after giving effect to the completion of the merger transactions), based on the exchange ratio, calculated using information provided by T-Mobile management, to derive a range of implied present values per share of T-Mobile common stock (after giving effect to the completion of the merger transactions) of $96.87 to $150.95.
Illustrative Equity Value Analysis.
Goldman Sachs also performed an illustrative equity value analysis of the combined company based on undisturbed equity values and illustrative net present value of the estimated synergies. Based on the T-Mobile forecasts, Goldman Sachs derived a range of illustrative equity values for the combined company by adding (1) the implied equity value of T-Mobile on a standalone basis at the T-Mobile undisturbed share price calculated as described above under “—Implied Premia and Multiples Analysis,” (2) the implied equity value of Sprint at the Sprint undisturbed share price calculated as described above under “—Implied Premia and Multiples Analysis,” and (3) a range of net present values of $41.5 billion to $60.8 billion, as of December 31, 2018, of the estimated synergies estimated to be generated through December 31, 2026 as reflected in the estimated synergies (net of any costs to achieve the estimated synergies), calculated using a discount rate of 8% at the direction of T-Mobile management and sensitized for 0.0% perpetuity growth rate and $2.1 billion of potential transaction implementation costs to 2.5% perpetuity growth rate and $0 of potential transaction implementation costs. The range of potential transaction implementation costs was chosen at the direction of T-Mobile management. The range of perpetuity growth rates was estimated by Goldman Sachs utilizing its professional judgment and experience, taking into account the T-Mobile forecasts and market expectations regarding long-term real growth of gross domestic product and inflation. Goldman Sachs divided the range of illustrative equity values by the total number of fully diluted shares of T-Mobile common stock expected to be outstanding as of April 25, 2018 (after giving effect to the completion of the merger transactions), based on the exchange ratio, calculated using information provided by T-Mobile management, to derive a range of implied present values per share of T-Mobile common stock (after giving effect to the completion of the merger transactions) of $88.58 to $103.46.
General
The preparation of a fairness opinion is a complex process and is not necessarily susceptible to partial analysis or summary description. Selecting portions of the analyses or of the summary set forth above, without considering the analyses as a whole, could create an incomplete view of the processes underlying Goldman Sachs’ opinion. In arriving at its fairness determination, Goldman Sachs considered the results of all of its analyses and did not attribute any particular weight to any factor or analysis considered by it. Rather, Goldman Sachs made its determination as to fairness on the basis of its experience and professional judgment after considering the results of all of its analyses. No company or transaction used in the above analyses as a comparison is directly comparable to T-Mobile or Sprint or the merger transactions.
Goldman Sachs prepared these analyses for purposes of providing its opinion to the T-Mobile board of directors as to the fairness from a financial point of view to T-Mobile, as of the date of the opinion, of the
exchange ratio pursuant to the business combination agreement. These analyses do not purport to be appraisals nor do they necessarily reflect the prices at which businesses or securities actually may be sold. Analyses based upon forecasts of future results are not necessarily indicative of actual future results, which may be significantly more or less favorable than suggested by these analyses. Because these analyses are inherently subject to uncertainty, being based upon numerous factors or events beyond the control of the parties or their respective advisors, none of T-Mobile, Goldman Sachs or any other person assumes responsibility if future results are materially different from those forecast.
The exchange ratio was determined through arm’s-length negotiations between T-Mobile and Sprint and was approved by the T-Mobile board of directors. Goldman Sachs provided advice to T-Mobile during these negotiations. Goldman Sachs did not, however, recommend any specific exchange ratio to T-Mobile or that any specific exchange ratio constituted the only appropriate consideration for the merger transactions.
As described above, Goldman Sachs’ opinion to the T-Mobile board of directors was one of many factors taken into consideration by the T-Mobile board of directors in making its determination to approve the business combination agreement. The foregoing summary does not purport to be a complete description of the analyses performed by Goldman Sachs in connection with the delivery of its fairness opinion to the T-Mobile board of directors and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the written opinion of Goldman Sachs attached as Annex I to this joint consent solicitation statement/prospectus.
Goldman Sachs and its affiliates are engaged in advisory, underwriting and financing, principal investing, sales and trading, research, investment management and other financial and non-financial activities and services for various persons and entities. Goldman Sachs and its affiliates and employees, and funds or other entities they manage or in which they invest or have other economic interests or with which they co-invest, may at any time purchase, sell, hold or vote long or short positions and investments in securities, derivatives, loans, commodities, currencies, credit default swaps and other financial instruments of T-Mobile, Sprint, Deutsche Telekom, SoftBank and any of their respective affiliates and, as applicable, portfolio companies, and third parties, or any currency or commodity that may be involved in the merger transactions. Goldman Sachs has acted as financial advisor to T-Mobile and Deutsche Telekom in connection with, and has participated in certain of the negotiations leading to, the merger transactions. Goldman Sachs expects to receive fees from T-Mobile and Deutsche Telekom for its services in connection with the merger transactions, all of which are contingent upon completion of the merger, and T-Mobile and Deutsche Telekom have agreed to reimburse certain of Goldman Sachs’ expenses arising, and indemnify Goldman Sachs against certain liabilities that may arise, out of its engagement. At the request of the T-Mobile board of directors, affiliates of Goldman Sachs have entered into financing commitments and agreements to provide T-Mobile with senior secured credit facilities, a senior secured bridge loan facility, and a senior unsecured bridge loan facility in connection with the completion of the merger, in each case subject to the terms of such commitments and agreements. The actual amount of aggregate fees received and to be received by Goldman Sachs and its affiliates in connection with this debt financing will depend upon, among other things, the timing of reductions of the bridge loan commitments, T-Mobile’s credit rating and the issuance costs for such debt financing. T-Mobile estimates that Goldman Sachs and its affiliates will in the aggregate receive approximately $33.9 million in fees in connection with the bridge loan facilities and permanent debt financing. This estimate is based on various assumptions, including that T-Mobile will incur permanent debt financing. Goldman Sachs has provided from time to time, and is currently providing, certain financial advisory and/or underwriting services to Deutsche Telekom and/or its affiliates for which its Investment Banking Division has received, and may receive, compensation, including having acted as dealer manager on Deutsche Telekom’s commercial paper program since June 2011; as joint bookrunner in connection with Deutsche Telekom’s 1.770% guaranteed notes due 2019 (aggregate principal amount $250,000,000), 2.485% guaranteed notes due 2023 (aggregate principal amount $750,000,000), 1.95% guaranteed notes due 2021 (aggregate principal amount $1,000,000,000) and 1.500% guaranteed notes due 2019 (aggregate principal amount $750,000,000) in September 2016; as bookrunner in connection with Deutsche Telekom’s 2.950% medium term notes due 2027 (aggregate principal amount HK$1,300,000,000) in April 2017; and as joint bookrunner in connection with Deutsche Telekom’s 2.250% guaranteed medium term notes due 2029 (aggregate principal amount GBP
